Audio Download

Clothed in Christ: The Scriptural Journey from Eden’s Fig Leaves to Revelation’s Fine Linen – Part 1

[Study Aired June 10, 2025]

Introduction

Throughout Scripture, clothing is more than mere fabric—it is a profound theological design woven into the story of redemption. From the moment nakedness came to light in Genesis to the triumphant marriage supper of the Lamb in Revelation, garments serve as tangible symbols of spiritual realities. They represent covering sin and righteousness gained, shame and salvation, defilement and glory. In the Bible’s grand narrative, to be clothed or unclothed signifies one’s spiritual state before God. As we trace the progressive use of garments from Genesis to Revelation, a consistent message emerges: God Himself provides the necessary covering for sin, ultimately clothing His people in the righteousness of Christ. We will explore that redemptive journey—beginning with the fig leaves Adam and Eve wore (Genesis 3:7) and culminating in Christ’s royal vesture bearing the title “KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS” (Revelation 19:16). Along the way, we will examine key transitions in this framework: the holy garments of Israel’s priesthood, the filthy garments of Joshua in Zechariah’s vision, Isaiah’s promise of salvation as a robe of righteousness, the radiant clothing of Christ at the Transfiguration, the poignant details of Jesus’ crucifixion garments. In doing so, we will consider the original Hebrew and Greek terms (such as kĕthoneth H3801 and endúō G1746) that deepen our understanding of these texts. The goal is to gain spiritual understanding of garments—showing that to be “clothed in Christ” is the ultimate fulfillment of this biblical theme.

Eden’s Coats of Skins: The First Redemptive Covering

Humanity’s story of clothing opens in the Garden of Eden with a dust-formed pair whose nature was natural— “of the dust, earthy” (1 Corinthians 15:4549)—and therefore subject to shame, mortality, and sin. When Adam and Eve became conscious of their condition, they instinctively tried to mask it: “They sewed fig leaves together and made themselves aprons” (Genesis 3:7). Throughout Scripture, fig leaves represent every flesh-driven attempt to hide sin—external, fragile, and fruitlessness (cf. Jesus’ judgment on the leafy yet barren fig tree, Matthew 21:19).

Throughout Scripture, fig leaves become the Bible’s shorthand for do-it-yourself righteousness. Their broad, pliable shape allows for a quick makeshift covering, yet they wilt within hours—an apt picture of the flesh’s short-lived solutions to guilt. Jesus highlights the symbol when He approaches a leafy fig tree hungry for fruit; finding none, He condemns its false display: “Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward forever” (Matthew 21:19; cf. Mark 11:13–14). Though it was not the season for ripe figs, a fig tree in full leaf should have borne early fruit; its leaves falsely advertised life while offering nothing of substance. This living parable exposed the spiritual hypocrisy of those who appeared righteous outwardly but bore no fruit of repentance or faith—mirroring Adam and Eve’s fig-leaf covering that could not hide their sin (Genesis 3:7). The curse was not merely on the tree but on what it represented: self-righteous religion void of the spirit’s work. As the tree withered from the roots, so too would the lifeless system of outward show without inward transformation. It was a solemn warning that only the righteousness provided by God—Christ Himself—can truly clothe the soul and bear fruit unto life.

The prophets strike the same note: Micah laments that he searches the fig tree for early figs but finds only leaves (Micah 7:1), while Hosea likens Israel’s idolatry to fleeting first fruit that disappoints (Hosea 9:10). In every case, abundant foliage without fruit represents outward religion, rituals, moral effort—that looks promising yet cannot nourish or remove sin. Adam and Eve’s leafy aprons are therefore the Bible’s earliest example of self-manufactured cover-ups, and the rest of Scripture exposes the futility of such flesh-sewn garments.

God immediately exposed the futility of such self-coverings by providing a radically different garment: “Unto Adam also and to his wife did the Lord God make coats of skins and clothed them” (Genesis 3:21). The Hebrew kĕthoneth (כְּתֹנֶת, H3801) denotes a tunic covering the whole body and later refers to priestly linen (e.g., Exodus 28:4). Its root means “to cover,” declaring that only a God-given covering can address dust-man’s shame.

From fig leaves to skins—three spiritual lessons

These contrasting garments teach three intertwined truths. First, self-effort is inadequate: fig leaves wither quickly, just as any righteousness stitched together by the flesh (Isaiah 64:6) “But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away.” Second, atonement requires life: although Genesis 3:21 mentioned above does not detail it, the verse presupposes the death of an innocent creature, foreshadowing Christ, who “condemned sin in the flesh” (Romans 8:3). Third, covering anticipates transformation: the provisional skins look ahead to the day when dust will be “clothed upon with our house from heaven” (2 Corinthians 5:24) “For in this we groan, earnestly desiring to be clothed upon with our house which is from heaven: If so be that being clothed we shall not be found naked. For we that are in this tabernacle do groan, being burdened: not for that we would be unclothed, but clothed upon, that mortality might be swallowed up of life.”

Every subsequent God-given garment—priestly linen, prophetic mantle, white raiment—extends this pattern of atonement, mediation, and promised spirit-clothing, culminating in the fine linen granted to the Bride of Christ.

Holy Garments of the Priesthood: Glory and Beauty Set Apart

Moving forward in history, we encounter another significant set of garments: the holy vestments of the Levitical priesthood. Under the Old Covenant, God established an entire system of sacrifices and mediators (the priests) to deal with Israel’s sin, and He was exceedingly specific that those priests be properly attired. “And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty” (Exodus 28:2). These priestly garments—described in detail in Exodus chapters 28 and 29 were not optional or merely ornamental; they were sacred attire symbolizing the sanctity required to approach a holy God. Aaron the high priest wore a richly decorated ephod, a breastplate with precious stones (engraved with the names of the tribes of Israel), a mitre with a gold plate inscribed “HOLINESS TO THE LORD,” and underneath it all, a fine linen tunic (a kĕthoneth) and fine linen undergarments (Exodus 28:4, 39-43). Each piece carried meaning. For instance, the mitre’s golden plate signified that Aaron bore Israel’s guilt and needed holiness on his forehead so the people would be accepted. “And thou shalt make a plate of pure gold, and grave upon it, like the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD. And thou shalt put it on a blue lace, that it may be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre, it shall be. And it shall be upon Aaron’s forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the Lord.” (Exodus 28:36–38) The bells on the hem of his robe signalled his movement in the Holy Place “that he die not” (Exodus 28:35), underscoring the peril of approaching God without due preparation. Every garment proclaimed that set-apartness and purity were required in God’s service.

Not only did these vestments convey consecration they foreshadow the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ. All the garments worn by the Old Testament priests were symbolic of being set apart for God’s work of atoning for sin. Compliance with this God-ordained “dress code” was mandatory: “Aaron and his sons must wear [the garments] … so that they will not incur guilt and die” (Exodus 28:43). The elaborate and beautiful nature of the high priest’s attire taught Israel that the work of mediation was glorious, and that the mediator needed to be holy. At the same time, the very need for special garments spoke of humanity’s separation from God—sinful man cannot walk into God’s presence “as he is,” but must be clothed in holiness not his own. The Israelites, seeing their priests robed in white linen and gold, carrying sacrificial blood, had a continual visual reminder of the cost and necessity of atonement. Hebrews 4:14 calls Jesus our “great high priest”, and unlike Aaron, Christ is perfectly holy and needed no sacrifice for Himself. Yet on the cross He fulfilled all that the priestly garments signified, carrying out God’s plan of atonement. These garments symbolized the complete holiness God requires of His mediators.

The material of the priestly clothes is significant as well—fine linen, especially for the tunic and mitre. Linen in Scripture symbolizes purity and righteousness. (Rev 19:8) “And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white: for the fine linen is the righteousness of saints”. The tunic of fine linen (again a kĕthoneth) was a reminder that God’s servants must be clothed in purity to minister before Him. In fact, the Hebrew word for fine linen (shesh H8336) is used for the splendid white garments of kings and priests. The continuity of symbolism is striking what began as God covering Adam with a kĕthoneth continues as God clothes His priests with kĕthoneth tunics of linen. The same covering scheme threads forward, now in the formal worship life of Israel. Thus, the priestly garments stand as an early instalment in the “the robe of righteousness” (Isaiah 61:10) that God is preparing for His people. They point both backward (to Eden’s skins) and forward (to the perfect righteousness in which believers will be clothed). God used these distinctive garments to set His spiritual leaders apart, instilling reverence and depicting, in a tangible way, the holiness without which none can see the Lord. Every time a priest donned his ephod, or a high priest dressed in his full ceremonial dress on the Day of Atonement, it was a living parable of the Gospel: sin requires a covering, holiness is needed to draw near, and God Himself provides what is necessary for atonement.

Filthy Rags Exchanged: Joshua the High Priest in Zechariah 3

Moving from the law to the prophets, the vision of Joshua the high priest in Zechariah 3 provides a dramatic illustration of God’s redemptive undressing and dressing of a sinner. Zechariah, a post-Babylonian prophet, was shown the current high priest Joshua standing before the Angel of the Lord in the heavenly court—except Joshua was utterly defiled. “Now Joshua was clothed with filthy garments and stood before the angel” (Zechariah 3:3). This scene is startling: the very person who represents the people before God is dressed in filthy clothes. The Hebrew term for “filthy” (צֹאִים, tsō’îm H6674) is extremely strong, indicating utter vileness; indeed, it implies garments fouled with excrement. The high priest’s robes, meant to be clean and holy, are instead depicted as nauseatingly unclean. Satan stands at Joshua’s right hand to accuse him (Zechariah 3:1) “And he shewed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him.”, pointing to the glaring fact of his defilement. Here is Israel’s sin vividly portrayed—their mediator is unfit; their sins have left even their priest in squalor. All hope would seem lost were it not for the mercy and authority of God revealed next.

In the vision, the Angel of the Lord rebukes Satan and then issues a gracious command: “Take away the filthy garments from him.” To Joshua the Angel says, “Behold, I have caused thine iniquity to pass from thee, and I will clothe thee with change of raiment” (Zechariah 3:4). This is a gospel moment in the Old Testament. The filthy clothes are removed—symbolically, Joshua’s iniquity is taken away—and he is clothed anew with pure vestments. The text goes on to describe a “fair mitre” set on Joshua’s head and the Angel of the Lord standing by, signifying divine approval (Zechariah 3:5) “And I said, Let them set a fair mitre upon his head. So, they set a fair mitre upon his head and clothed him with garments. And the angel of the LORD stood by.” We have here an enacted parable of justification: God removes the sinner’s filth and clothes him in righteousness not his own. Joshua could do nothing to clean himself; God had to command the cleansing. The “change of raiment” given to the high priest represents forgiveness and a restored state of purity, allowing him once again to minister before God. It is worth noting that this is not merely individual but representative—Joshua’s cleansing signifies God’s grace to Israel, preparing them for service after the exile. Nonetheless, on an individual level, it powerfully prefigures how every believer is saved: we stand in filthy rags until God, by chastening grace, removes our sin and clothes us in righteousness.

The significance of dirty clothes was not new to Zechariah’s audience. Isaiah had earlier declared, “We are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags” (Isaiah 64:6). Humanly speaking, even our best deeds are defiled. But Isaiah also prophesied a solution (as we will see in the next section): God providing garments of salvation. Zechariah’s vision picks up that promise and dramatizes it. One cannot help but see in Joshua’s stripping and re-clothing a foreshadowing of the work of Christ. When Jesus died and rose again, He took away our iniquity and provided for us the garments of salvation—His own righteousness credited to us, often spoken of in the New Testament as a robe or clothing (e.g., Matthew 22:11-12; 2 Corinthians 5:21). Christ takes our sin upon Himself and in return clothes us with His perfect righteousness, a thought consistent with Zechariah’s imagery. The significance of Joshua standing there in filthy clothes is that he could not serve God in that state; similarly, we cannot stand before God clothed in the soiled garb of our sin. But God’s response — “I have caused thine iniquity to pass from thee” — is the essence of the Gospel. Zechariah 3 thus stands as a pinnacle of Old Testament hope: sin removed, and new attire given by the Lord’s decree. It anticipates the time when everyone, once dressed in muck, will be clothed with righteousness.

Garments of Salvation and the Robe of Righteousness: Isaiah’s Prophecy

The Book of Isaiah provides some of Scripture’s most beautiful clothing imagery, explicitly linking garments with salvation and righteousness. Writing about a century before Zechariah, the prophet Isaiah looked forward to the restoration God would bring to His people. In Isaiah 61, a chapter heralding the mission of the Messiah and the restoration of Israel, the prophet exults in God’s saving work using the language of being clothed. “I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for He hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, He hath covered me with the robe of righteousness” (Isaiah 61:10). Here is a clear statement that salvation is something God puts on us—He clothes us with it. The parallelism in this verse equates “garments of salvation” with “robe of righteousness,” reinforcing that to be saved is to be made righteous in God’s sight, and this is depicted as a comfortable, beautiful garment given to the redeemed. Isaiah 61:10 further illustrates it with bridal imagery: “as a bridegroom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels”. Isaiah uses this picture to convey the glory and joy of being arrayed in God’s salvation. Just as a wedding garment is a source of joy and honor, so the righteousness God bestows is precious and splendid.

Isaiah 61:10 resonates deeply as a description of imputed righteousness—the doctrine that God covers believers in the righteousness of Christ, like a pure white robe. The Hebrew word for “clothed” (labash H3847) and “covered” (ya’at H3271) in this verse are strong terms indicating that God Himself is wrapping the individual in these garments. One does not clothe oneself here; “He hath clothed me… He hath covered me.” Earlier in Isaiah, there is a promise that “He hath covered me in the shadow of His hand” (Isaiah 49:2) and an invitation to “put on thy beautiful garments, O Jerusalem” (Isaiah 52:1). The idea is consistent: God provides the clothing of redemption, and His people are to receive it with joy. Isaiah 61:3 also famously speaks of “the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness,” another exchange God grants to the brokenhearted. All these instances convey a divine transaction: God giving something to cover, to beautify, to transform. The robe of righteousness imagery in Isaiah 61:10 directly prefigures the New Testament revelation that our righteousness is not from works but from God through faith. Philippians 3:9 echoes this desire “to be found in Him, not having mine own righteousness (filthy rags), which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness (Bridal garment) which is of God by faith.” It is as if Paul is saying: “I took off my filthy self-righteous rags and now I’m dressed in the righteousness God gives.”

Significantly, Isaiah’s use of bridal imagery (“as a bride adorns herself”) connects to the final book of Scripture, Revelation, where the Bride of Christ is arrayed in fine linen (we will come to that in our next study). Isaiah’s prophecy stands as a bridge between the old and new, law and gospel. It assures us that joy and rejoicing come when God clothes us in salvation. No longer naked and ashamed as in Eden, no longer in filthy rags as in our sin, we can exult: “He has covered me!” There is almost a sigh of relief in Isaiah’s voice, as if he’s saying, “Despite my unworthiness, look what God has done—He dressed me in the radiant garments of His saving grace.” It’s a far cry from Adam hiding in the bushes with fig leaves; it’s the prodigal son wearing the best robe the father could bring out (Luke 15:22). Thus, Isaiah 61 prepares us for the New Covenant reality: to put on Christ’s righteousness as a garment. When we read this verse in the light of Christ, we understand that the garments of salvation are nothing less than the righteousness of Jesus applied to us, and the robe of righteousness is in fact the Lord Himself whom we “put on.” Small wonder that Isaiah begins, “I will greatly rejoice in the Lord” — for being clothed by God’s grace is our greatest joy and the essence of the gospel.

[Click here for part 2.]