Gospels In Harmony – The Trial of “The Christ” – Part 2

Matt 27:15-18, Mark 15:6-10, Luke 23:13-17, John 18:38-39

[Study Aired March 8, 2022]

Luke 23:4 Then said Pilate to the chief priests and [to] the people, I find no fault in this man.
Matt 27:12 And when he was accused of the chief priests and elders,
Mark 15:3 the chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing.
Luke 23:5 And they were the more fierce, saying, He stirreth up the people, teaching throughout all Jewry, beginning from Galilee to this place.
John 18:30 They answered and said unto him, If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.
Matt 27:13 Then said Pilate unto him, Hearest thou not how many things they witness against thee?
Mark 15:4 And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing?
Matt 27:14 And he answered him to never a word; insomuch that the governor marvelled greatly.
John 18:31 Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
John 18:32 That the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spake, signifying what death he should die.
John 18:33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
John 18:34 Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?
John 18:35 Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?
John 18:36 Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.
John 18:37 Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.
Luke 23:6 When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked whether the man were a Galilaean.
Luke 23:7 And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem at that time.
Luke 23:8 And when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceeding glad: for he was desirous to see him of a long season, because he had heard many things of him; and he hoped to have seen some miracle done by him.
Luke 23:9 Then he questioned with him in many words; but he answered him nothing.
Luke 23:10 And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused him.
Luke 23:11 And Herod with his men of war set him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
Luke 23:12 And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.
John 18:38 (a) Pilate saith unto him, What is truth? 
Luke 23:13 And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
Luke 23:14 Ye have brought this man unto me, as one that perverteth the people: and, behold, I, having examined [him] before you, have found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him:
Luke 23:15 No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him; and, lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him.
John 18:39 (a) But ye have a custom, that I should release unto you one at the passover:
Matt 27:16 And they had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas.
Mark 15:7 [which lay] bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection.
Luke 23:16 I will therefore chastise him, and release [Jesus].
Mark 15:8 And the multitude crying aloud began to desire [him to do] as he had ever done unto them.
Mark 15:9 But Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
Mark 15:10 For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.

In our last study Jesus was turned over to Pilate at the judgment hall, and Pilate began questioning him.

Luke 23:4 Then said Pilate to the chief priests and [to] the people, I find no fault in this man.

Matt 27:12 And when he was accused of the chief priests and elders,

Mark 15:3 the chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing.

Luke 23:5 And they were the more fierce, saying, He stirreth up the people, teaching throughout all Jewry, beginning from Galilee to this place.

John 18:30 They answered and said unto him, If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.

Matt 27:13 Then said Pilate unto him, Hearest thou not how many things they witness against thee?

Mark 15:4 And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing?

Matt 27:14 And he answered him to never a word; insomuch that the governor marvelled greatly.

John 18:31 Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
John 18:32 That the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spake, signifying what death he should die.
John 18:33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
John 18:34 Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?
John 18:35 Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?
John 18:36 Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.
John 18:37 Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.

Our story picks up with Pilate realizing Herod has jurisdiction in this trial and sends him to Herod.

Luke 23:6 When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked whether the man were a Galilaean.
Luke 23:7 And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem at that time.
Luke 23:8 And when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceeding glad: for he was desirous to see him of a long season, because he had heard many things of him; and he hoped to have seen some miracle done by him.
Luke 23:9 Then he questioned with him in many words; but he answered him nothing.
Luke 23:10 And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused him.
Luke 23:11 And Herod with his men of war set him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
Luke 23:12 And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.

Herod finds no guilt in Christ and sends him back to Pilate. Jesus lets Pilate know His kingdom is not of this world, and He is the bearer of the truth.

John 18:33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
John 18:34 Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?

John 18:36 Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.
John 18:37 Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.

Here is Pilate’s response.

John 18:38 Pilate saith unto him, What is truth?

Pilate, just as all the chief priests, elders and all of Judea for that matter, had no clue that “The Truth” was among them. Only the disciples were given this knowledge, and yet they all forsook him. Here is “The Truth” according to Christ.

John 1:15-18 John bare witness of him, and cried, saying, This was he of whom I spake, He that cometh after me is preferred before me: for he was before me. And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace. For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ. No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

John 14:1-7 Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me. In my Father’s house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.  And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know. Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the way? Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me. If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him.

Christ is “The Truth” but not only Him. He is the head of His body, and His body is also “The Truth”. The scriptures tell us this in Zechariah and Isaiah.

Zec 8:3 Thus saith the LORD; I am returned unto Zion, and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem: and Jerusalem shall be called a city of truth; and the mountain of the LORD of hosts the holy mountain.

Isa 43:1-13 But now thus saith the LORD that created thee, O Jacob, and he that formed thee, O Israel, Fear not: for I have redeemed thee, I have called thee by thy name; thou art mine. When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee; and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee: when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned; neither shall the flame kindle upon thee. For I am the LORD thy God, the Holy One of Israel, thy Saviour: I gave Egypt for thy ransom, Ethiopia and Seba for thee. Since thou wast precious in my sight, thou hast been honourable, and I have loved thee: therefore will I give men for thee, and people for thy life. Fear not: for I am with thee: I will bring thy seed from the east, and gather thee from the west; I will say to the north, Give up; and to the south, Keep not back: bring my sons from far, and my daughters from the ends of the earth; Even every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yea, I have made him. Bring forth the blind people that have eyes, and the deaf that have ears. Let all the nations be gathered together, and let the people be assembled: who among them can declare this, and shew us former things? let them bring forth their witnesses, that they may be justified: or let them hear, and say, It is truth. Ye are my witnesses, saith the LORD, and my servant whom I have chosen: that ye may know and believe me, and understand that I am he: before me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me. I, even I, am the LORD; and beside me there is no saviour. I have declared, and have saved, and I have shewed, when there was no strange god among you: therefore ye are my witnesses, saith the LORD, that I am God. Yea, before the day was I am he; and there is none that can deliver out of my hand: I will work, and who shall let it?

1 John 4:17 Herein is our love made perfect, that we may have boldness in the day of judgment: because as he is, so are we in this world.

Col 1:14-20 In whom [Christ] we have redemption through his blood, even the forgiveness of sins: Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature: For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him: And he is before all things, and by him all things consist. And he is the head of the body, the church: who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in all things he might have the preeminence. For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell; And, having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven.

Rev 3:14 Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God: and I will write upon him my new name.

This is “The Truth” that Pilate and the world cannot know or understand.

“I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.”
“before me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me. I, even I, am the LORD; and beside me there is no saviour.”
“My kingdom is not of this world”
“I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.”
“I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God: and I will write upon him my new name.”

Pilate continues the trial of Christ.

Luke 23:13 And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
John 18:38 And when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, and saith unto them, I find in him no fault [at all].
Luke 23:14 Ye have brought this man unto me, as one that perverteth the people: and, behold, I, having examined [him] before you, have found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him:
Luke 23:15 No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him; and, lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him.
John 18:39 (a) But ye have a custom, that I should release unto you one at the passover:
Matt 27:16 And they had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas.
Mark 15:7 [which lay] bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection.
Luke 23:16 I will therefore chastise him [Jesus], and release him.
Mark 15:8 And the multitude crying aloud began to desire [him to do] as he had ever done unto them.
Mark 15:9 But Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
Mark 15:10 For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.

Envy is a sin that will destroy us if it is not dealt with properly. When we act as these chief priests and do not judge righteously, which is the work of the flesh, we commit the sin of envy.

Gal 5:19-21 Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies, Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.

To properly deal with the sin of envy we are given the following.

1 Pet 2:1-10 Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings, As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby: If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious, Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded. Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner, And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed. But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light: Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.

The chief priests and elders can only do what is written in their books so that the “Book of Christ” can be fulfilled. We must examine ourselves to ensure we are not guilty of envy.

2 Cor 13:5 Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?

Hi Mike,

I’m sure you are quite busy, but I just came across James 4:5, and when you have some time, it would be great to hear your thoughts.

I was amazed to see that James 4:5 had so many different translations.

New International Version:
“Or do you think Scripture says without reason that he jealously longs for the spirit he has caused to dwell in us?”

New Living Translation:
“What do you think the Scriptures mean when they say that the spirit God has placed within us is filled with envy?”

English Standard Version:
“Or do you suppose it is to no purpose that the Scripture says, “He yearns jealously over the spirit that he has made to dwell in us”?”

New American Standard Bible:
“Or do you think that the Scripture speaks to no purpose: “He jealously desires the Spirit which He has made to dwell in us”?”

King James Bible:
“Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy?”

Which do you think is the most correct – THE ESV or the KJV?

He yearns for us jealously or the spirit in us lusteth to envy?

Your brother in Christ,

A____

Hi A____,

Thank you for your question. You ask:

“Which do you think is the most correct – THE ESV or the KJV?

“He yearns for us jealously” or “the spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy?”

When you read the first four verses, it becomes clear that the KJV is the best translation because it refers to the spirit of man which God has placed within us all at birth.

Jas 4:1 From whence come wars and fightings among you? come they not hence, even of your lusts that war in your members?
Jas 4:2 Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have, and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have not, because ye ask not.
Jas 4:3 Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon your lusts.
Jas 4:4 Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God.
Jas 4:5 Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy?

Paul uses this same language concerning what is by nature within our members:

Rom 7:17 Now then it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me.
Rom 7:18 For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not.
Rom 7:19 For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do.
Rom 7:20 Now if I do that I would not, it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me.
Rom 7:21 I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil is present with me.
Rom 7:22 For I delight in the law of God after the inward man:
Rom 7:23 But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.

When we put these two sections of scripture together, we see that “the spirit that dwells in us” spoken of in James 4:5 is controlled by “the law of sin” which is, by nature, in our members, and the “war in your members” of James 4:1 is the same ‘warring” Paul describes with these words:

Rom 7:22 For I delight in the law of God after the inward man:
Rom 7:23 But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.

“The spirit that dwells in us lusts to envy”, and it does so because “another law in [our] members, warring against the law of [our] mind, and brings [us] into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.

In other words, God makes every man to err from his way, turns us to destruction, and then He tells us to return to Him:

Isa 63:17 O LORD, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants’ sake, the tribes of thine inheritance.

Psa 90:3 Thou turnest man to destruction; and sayest, Return, ye children of men.

So in the final analysis, when Christ said “without me you can do nothing”, that includes our sins, hence this statement to the pagan Athenians:

Act 17:28 For in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain also of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.

Joh 15:5 I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing.

God has given us an evil experience for the express purpose of humbling us:

Ecc 1:13 I applied my heart to inquiring and exploring by wisdom concerning all that is done under the heavens: it is an experience of evil Elohim has given to the sons of humanity to humble them by it. (CLV)

He uses this evil experience to bring us to our “wits’ end”, and then He gives us the peace of mind we are all seeking, as He tells us in Psa 107:

Psa 107:21 Oh that men would praise the LORD for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men!
Psa 107:22 And let them sacrifice the sacrifices of thanksgiving, and declare his works with rejoicing.
Psa 107:23 They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in great waters;
Psa 107:24 These see the works of the LORD, and his wonders in the deep.
Psa 107:25 For he commandeth, and raiseth the stormy wind, which lifteth up the waves thereof.
Psa 107:26 They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble.
Psa 107:27 They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man, and are at their wits’ end.
Psa 107:28 Then they cry unto the LORD in their trouble, and he bringeth them out of their distresses.
Psa 107:29 He maketh the storm a calm, so that the waves thereof are still.
Psa 107:30 Then are they glad because they be quiet; so he bringeth them unto their desired haven.
Psa 107:31 Oh that men would praise the LORD for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men!

I do not proclaim any one translation to be superior to all others. All translations have good points and bad points. In this case the King James Version got it right, and these are probably the verses being referred to when James tells us that the spirit in us lusts to envy:

Gen 6:5 And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.

Gen 8:21 And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake; for the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done.

I hope you find this to be of some help.

Your brother in Christ,

Mike

Dear Mike,

I am seeking the Truth about the matter of Godly jealousy and welcome your correction and counsel. I think the issue is more internal within me, given my history of extreme competitiveness, rather than a “systemic” issue. I also have been the recipient of envy from physical family.

This rumination within gets provoked with statements made in the fellowship when brethren share wonderful gifts and talents, the most obvious example of which is music. The people share their gifts with the body (which the Lord wants us to do), and they rightfully receive encouragement, and gratitude is given to God.

What I am having difficulty understanding is when I hear statements such as, “Wow, nice song…I am jealous with Godly jealousy.”

Yes, we are commanded to:

1Co 12:31 But covet earnestly the best gifts: and yet shew I unto you a more excellent way.

This is from one of your articles on zeal:

“Zeal produces “godly jealousy” toward the Christ of Christ.

2Co 11:2 For I am jealous [Greek: zeloo, zealous, fervent] over you with godly jealousy [Greek: zelos, zeal]: for I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.
2Co 11:3  But I fear, lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve through his subtilty, so your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ.

Are we careful to be faithful to our espoused husband and to those with whom He identifies Himself, or is it more important to us to please men?”

It seems like that scripture is taken out of context when used in those situations I mentioned. I also see it used when people share their fellowship opportunities by posting pictures and the like….and receive responses like “I am jealous with Godly jealousy”….

There is also matter of provoking jealousy.

1Co 10:21  Ye cannot drink the cup of the Lord, and the cup of devils: ye cannot be partakers of the Lord’s table, and of the table of devils.
1Co 10:22  Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy?(G3863) are we stronger than he?

Here, G3863 jealousy is used in the context of “exciting a rivalry” by having fellowship with devils.

G3863
παραζηλόω
parazēloō
par-ad-zay-lo’-o
From G3844 and G2206; to stimulate alongside, that is, excite to rivalry: – provoke to emulation (jealousy).

Rom 11:11 (KJV+)I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy. G3863

What I think people might be expressing instead of “Godly jealousy” is this:

Heb 10:24 (KJV+) And let us consider one another to provoke unto G1519G3948 love and to good  works:

Here provoke is G3948:

G3948
παροξυσμός
paroxusmos
par-ox-oos-mos’
From G3947 (“paroxysm”); incitement (to good), or dispute (in anger): – contention, provoke unto.

It is also possible that the beast is expressing ungodly envy, coveting of other people’s gifts, and competitiveness, but I can only speak for myself. I have witnessed that phenomenon inside of myself. When I examine myself and the Lord enables me to see that, I ask for cleansing knowing such things promote unhealthy competition within the body rather than unity. It is all a process, and the Lord has been (and is) dealing with me in regards to my carnal competitiveness.

M____

Hi M____,

Thank you once again for your very good observations and your obvious desire to know the mind of Christ. I very much appreciate all the effort you have put into sharing this with me, and I pray I will be granted to apply what you have revealed to me here.

Like you, I can see where we might indeed be giving the adversary an opportunity to take advantage of us when we compare ourselves among ourselves and become jealous in a carnal way of how some brothers and sisters get to travel and fellowship while we must stay home and work every day.

I honestly do not believe that is the motive for most of the comments we get, but it certainly could become just that if the Lord does not remind us:

2Co 10:12 For we dare not make ourselves of the number, or compare ourselves with some that commend themselves: but they measuring themselves by themselves, and comparing themselves among themselves, are not wise.

God has given us to emphasize the sovereignty of God to the extent that I pray we know that our circumstances are all His work, and we therefore have no reason to envy others for what He is doing in their lives. Any understanding that is not according to the Truth can easily be used by the Lord through the adversary to trip us up.

So thank you again, for sharing this with me.

Your brother in the Christ,

Mike

L____ wrote:
Hi Mike,
My family and I studied this weekend “After the Counsel of His Own Will” which we enjoyed so much.   Thank you so much.  I am learning to accept whatever God’s Will is. Mike, I would like to know what is an infidel, and what is the difference between envy and jealousy?  Look forward to hearing from you.  L____

Hi L____,
It is good to hear from you.
You make my day knowing that you were edified by that paper on God’s sovereignty. I have said it many times; accepting God’s total sovereignty is nothing more or less than dethroning the beast within. That gift is given to but very few.
You ask, “What is an infidel?”
The word ‘infidel’ appears in the King James Version only twice, but it appears in the Greek 23 times. It is most often translated in some form of the word ‘unbelief’ or ‘unbeliever.’ And that is what an infidel is; he is an unbeliever.
Here are those 23 verses containing the Greek word only twice translated infidel. I am cutting and pasting this from my e- sword.
G571
απιστος
apistos
Total KJV Occurrences: 23
unbelieving, 5
1Co_7:14-15 (3), Tit_1:15, Rev_21:8
believe, 4
1Co_10:27, 1Co_14:22 (2), 2Co_4:4
faithless, 4
Mat_17:17, Mar_9:19, Luk_9:41, Joh_20:27
unbelievers, 4
Luk_12:46, 1Co_6:6, 1Co_14:23, 2Co_6:14
believeth not, 3
1Co_7:12-13 (2), 1Co_14:24
infidel, 2
2Co_6:15, 1Ti_5:8
incredible, 1
Act_26:8 (2)
“faithless, unbelievers, believe not, infidel, or incredible, it is all the same. It means unbelievers or unbelief.
Your second question is:
“What is the difference between envy and jealousy?”
The answer is, very little. Both, in their negative application, are of the same spirit, and both, in their positive application, are of the same spirit.
There are two Greek words which are translated as envy. The first is ‘zeloo,’ which is translated with several different English words, including the word ‘jealous’. Here are the verses in which this Greek word is found.
G2206
ζηλοω
ze loo
Total KJV Occurrences: 17
affect, 2
Gal_4:17 (2)
covet, 2
1Co_12:31, 1Co_14:39
desire, 2
1Co_14:1, Jas_4:2
envy, 2
Act_7:9, Act_17:5
moved, 2
Act_7:9, Act_17:5
zealously, 2
Gal_4:17-18 (2)
affected, 1
Gal_4:18 (2)
earnestly, 1
1Co_12:31
envieth, 1
1Co_13:4
jealous, 1
2Co_11:2
zealous, 1
Rev_3:19
As you can see, this word is translated both as ‘jealous’ and as ‘envieth.’ But it is translated as jealous only one time:

2Co 11:2  For I am jealous over you with godly jealousy: for I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.

Here is how Strong’s defines this word:
G2206
ζηλοω
ze loo
dzay- lo’- o
From G2205; to have warmth of feeling for or against : – affect, covet (earnestly), (have) desire, (move with) envy, be jealous over, (be) zealous (- ly affect).
“Warmth of feeling for or agains t” demonstrates that, as always, there is both a positive and a negative application for every word of God’s Word. That is because “the cloud,” which is Christ, is dark on one side and bright on the other side, but it is all one cloud. I am accused of being blasphemous when I point to this Biblical Truth, but that Truth still stands on its own. The cloud which is Christ is ‘dark to them and light to these.’

Exo 14:20  And it [ the Cloud that led Israel in the wilderness] came between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel; and it was a cloud and darkness to them, but it gave light by night to these: so that the one came not near the other all the night.

So, depending upon your perspective, Christ is both light and darkness, good and evil, life and death:

2Co 2:15  For we are unto God a sweet savour of Christ, in them that are saved, and in them that perish:

2Co 2:16  To the one we are the savour of death unto death; and to the other the savour of life unto life . And who is sufficient for these things?

To the froward Christ shows Himself as froward :

Psa 18:26  With the pure thou wilt shew thyself pure; and with the froward thou wilt shew thyself froward.

For example:

Mat 25:24  Then he which had received the one talent came and said, Lord, I knew thee that thou art an hard man, reaping where thou hast not sown, and gathering where thou hast not strawed:
Mat 25:25  And I was afraid, and went and hid thy talent in the earth: lo, [ there] thou hast [ that is] thine.
Mat 25:26  His lord answered and said unto him, Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have not strawed:

Had the Lord ‘sown’ nothing with this man? Of course not. He had given all these men varying amounts of money to invest. That money had come out of His own pocket. But He answered this man “according to the idols of his own heart.”

Eze 14:4  Therefore speak unto them, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Every man of the house of Israel that setteth up his idols in his heart, and putteth the stumblingblock of his iniquity before his face, and cometh to the prophet; I the LORD will answer him that cometh according to the multitude of his idols;
Eze 14:5 That I may take the house of Israel in their own heart, because they are all estranged from me through their idols.

I point this all out so you will understand why these words are used as they are. For example, look at these two, what appear to be contradictory statements about this Greek word ‘zeloo.’

1Co 13:4  Charity suffereth long, and is kind; charity envieth not [ Greek – zeloo]; charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up,

Here we are told that ‘charity’ or ‘love envies not.’ But then we have this:

Rev 3:19  As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten: be zealous [ Greek- – zeloo] therefore, and repent.

Those with whom God’s spirit, is not at this time working to drag them to Himself, will scream ‘Contradiction, contradiction!’ But those to whom it is given to see that Christ is both light and darkness, life and death, good and evil, it makes perfectly good sense to say that charity does not envy others, and at the same time tell us to be envious (zeloo – zealous) of repentence when we are envious of others. Here is how Paul explains this:

Gal 4:18  But it is good to be zealously affected [ zeloo] always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.

The other Greek word which is also translated as envy is ‘phthonos.’ Here are the verses containing this Greek word:
G5355
φθονος
phthonos
Total KJV Occurrences: 9
envy, 7
Mat_27:18, Mar_15:10, Rom_1:29, Phi_1:15, 1Ti_6:4, Tit_3:3, Jas_4:5
envies, 1
1Pe_2:1
envyings, 1
Gal_5:21
And here is how Strong’s defines this word:
G5355
φθονος
phthonos
fthon’- os
Probably akin to the base of G5351; ill will (as detraction), that is, jealousy (spite): – envy.
Here is where this word first appears in the New Testament:

Mat 27:18  For he [ Pilate] knew that for envy [ phthonos – for ill will – because of their unfettered hatred] they had delivered him [ Christ].

Strong’s has the word ‘jealously’ in his definition, but I could find no examples of this word being translated as ‘jealous’ or ‘jealously.’
When we look at the word ‘jealously’ we find that it appears just four times in the New Testament, and its root is the same as the root for envy. Its root is the Greek word ‘zeloo,’ ” to have warmth of feeling for or against.”
Here is the Greek word for ‘jealousy’ with its definition:
G3863
παραζηλοω
paraze loo
par- ad- zay- lo’- o
From G3844 and G2206; to stimulate alongside, that is, excite to rivalry: – provoke to emulation (jealousy).
And here is where this word is used:
 G3863
παραζηλοω
paraze loo
Total KJV Occurrences: 5
provoke, 4
Rom_10:19, Rom_11:11, Rom_11:14, 1Co_10:22
emulation, 1
Rom_11:14
So the root of both words, the word ‘jealousy,’ and the word ‘envy,’ is the Greek word ‘zeloo,’ meaning ” to have warmth of feeling for or against.”
The Greek word ‘phthonos,’ which is also at times translated as ‘jealousy,’ is really better translated as ‘ill will.’
So, I hope this has all helped you to see that there really is very little difference between the Greek words which are translated as ‘envy’ and ‘jealousy,’ and I hope this has helped you to better understand that Christ and His words, depending on your standing with Christ and your perspective of Christ, have both a positive and a negative application, and that we all must live through seeing Christ from both perspectives:

Mat 4:4  But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.
Rev 1:3  Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things [“every word”] which are written therein: for the time is at hand.
Rev 22:7  Behold, I come quickly: blessed is he that keepeth [“every word”] the sayings of the prophecy of this book.

Your brother in the Christ.
Mike