Numbers 1:1-29 The Census of Israel’s Warriors

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Numbers 1:1-29 The Census of Israel’s Warriors

[Study Aired April 10, 2023]

Num 1:1  And the LORD spake unto Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, in the tabernacle of the congregation, on the first day of the second month, in the second year after they were come out of the land of Egypt, saying, 
Num 1:2  Take ye the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, after their families, by the house of their fathers, with the number of their names, every male by their polls;
Num 1:3  From twenty years old and upward, all that are able to go forth to war in Israel: thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies. 
Num 1:4  And with you there shall be a man of every tribe; every one head of the house of his fathers. 
Num 1:5  And these are the names of the men that shall stand with you: of the tribe of Reuben; Elizur the son of Shedeur.
Num 1:6  Of Simeon; Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai.
Num 1:7  Of Judah; Nahshon the son of Amminadab. 
Num 1:8  Of Issachar; Nethaneel the son of Zuar. 
Num 1:9  Of Zebulun; Eliab the son of Helon. 
Num 1:10  Of the children of Joseph: of Ephraim; Elishama the son of Ammihud: of Manasseh; Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. 
Num 1:11  Of Benjamin; Abidan the son of Gideoni.
Num 1:12  Of Dan; Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai.
Num 1:13  Of Asher; Pagiel the son of Ocran. 
Num 1:14  Of Gad; Eliasaph the son of Deuel. 
Num 1:15  Of Naphtali; Ahira the son of Enan. 
Num 1:16  These were the renowned of the congregation, princes of the tribes of their fathers, heads of thousands in Israel. 
Num 1:17  And Moses and Aaron took these men which are expressed by their names: 
Num 1:18  And they assembled all the congregation together on the first day of the second month, and they declared their pedigrees after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, by their polls. 
Num 1:19  As the LORD commanded Moses, so he numbered them in the wilderness of Sinai. 
Num 1:20  And the children of Reuben, Israel’s eldest son, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, by their polls, every male from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:21  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Reuben, were forty and six thousand and five hundred.
Num 1:22  Of the children of Simeon, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, those that were numbered of them, according to the number of the names, by their polls, every male from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:23  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Simeon, were fifty and nine thousand and three hundred. 
Num 1:24  Of the children of Gad, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:25  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Gad, were forty and five thousand six hundred and fifty. 
Num 1:26  Of the children of Judah, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:27  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Judah, were threescore and fourteen thousand and six hundred. 
Num 1:28  Of the children of Issachar, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:29  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Issachar, were fifty and four thousand and four hundred. 

Introduction

As we are aware, the entire Bible is all about Christ. The scriptures testify that every aspect of the word of the Lord is about Christ.

Joh 5:39  Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me.

Joh 1:45  Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph. 

Luk 24:27  And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. 

The Book of Numbers looks at Christ from His mission to transform the church into a heavenly army with the objective of establishing His kingdom within His people first as they journey through the wilderness of this life. In the fullness of time, this inward kingdom of God will become manifested visibly as the kingdoms of this world becomes the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ. 

Luk 17:20  And when he was demanded of the Pharisees, when the kingdom of God should come, he answered them and said, The kingdom of God cometh not with observation: 
Luk 17:21  Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you.

Rev 11:15  And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever.

A key role of an army is to destroy any potential threat posed by opposing forces to the building of a kingdom. In our case, our flesh poses a potential threat to the building of the kingdom of God within us and therefore, as an army of the Lord, we are in a war situation with our flesh. This flesh is symbolized by the enemies that the Israelites fought with, as they journeyed in the Book of Numbers. The latter part of the Book of Numbers therefore focuses on this war of the Israelites such as the Amorites and the Midianites.

Eph 6:10  Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. 
Eph 6:11  Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. 
Eph 6:12  For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places. 
Eph 6:13  Wherefore take unto you the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand. 

Rev 12:7  And there was war in heaven: Michael and his angels fought against the dragon; and the dragon fought and his angels,
Rev 12:8  And prevailed not; neither was their place found any more in heaven. 
Rev 12:9  And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.

A significant aspect of being of the army of the Lord is that we are required to endure hardships and also not to be involved in the affairs of this world as we please our commanding officer, who is Christ.

2Ti 2:3  Thou therefore endure hardness, as a good soldier of Jesus Christ. 
2Ti 2:4  No man that warreth entangleth himself with the affairs of this life; that he may please him who hath chosen him to be a soldier. 

Today’s study focuses on the formation of this army of the Lord’s elect from different tribes and kindred all over the world, who are represented by the twelve tribes of Israel. 

Num 1:1  And the LORD spake unto Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, in the tabernacle of the congregation, on the first day of the second month, in the second year after they were come out of the land of Egypt, saying, 
Num 1:2  Take ye the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, after their families, by the house of their fathers, with the number of their names, every male by their polls;
Num 1:3  From twenty years old and upward, all that are able to go forth to war in Israel: thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies. 

The Lord ordered a census to be conducted for all males of the tribe of Israel above 20 years old. As we know, all things are for our benefit. Thus, this census was part of the Lord’s plan to unveil to His elect, who would come centuries later, what is required to be part of the Lord’s army. 

1Co 3:21  Therefore let no man glory in men. For all things are yours;
1Co 3:22  Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to come; all are yours; 

Being a male of 20 years old signifies that we are ready to handle the word of truth as the Lord guides us to engage the flesh on a daily basis. This implies that we have become spiritually mature and therefore are not blown away by every wind of doctrine. 

Eph 4:11  And he gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers;
Eph 4:12  For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ: 
Eph 4:13  Till we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ:
Eph 4:14  That we henceforth be no more children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, and cunning craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive; 
Eph 4:15  But speaking the truth in love, may grow up into him in all things, which is the head, even Christ: 

Verse 2 says that these armies to be numbered were to come from every tribe of Israel. It shows that the Lord is redeeming people from every tribe and kindred from every generation to be enrolled in His army. 

Rev 5:9  And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation; 

This numbering excluded all females of Israel. This is because spiritually, there is only one church, who is the bride of Christ and therefore cannot be counted. This church is that of the firstborn or Jerusalem which is above, which is contrasted with Jerusalem which is, and is in bondage with her children. As Paul indicated, Jerusalem which is, has many divisions and therefore cannot constitute an army as no army that is divided can stand any chance against an enemy. 

1Co 3:3  For ye are yet carnal: for whereas there is among you envying, and strife, and divisions, are ye not carnal, and walk as men? 
1Co 3:4  For while one saith, I am of Paul; and another, I am of Apollos; are ye not carnal? 

Mar 3:24  And if a kingdom be divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. 
Mar 3:25  And if a house be divided against itself, that house cannot stand.  

In the Bible, there was a time that David also ordered his army commander, Joab, and the rulers of the people to count his army. However, the Lord was not pleased with David’s action and as a result, many people died resulting from the Lord sending a plague to the people of Israel. The question is, ”Why was the Lord displeased with David when in the Book of Numbers, the Lord ordered the counting of His army?”

1Ch 21:1  And Satan stood up against Israel, and provoked David to number Israel. 
1Ch 21:2  And David said to Joab and to the rulers of the people, Go, number Israel from Beersheba even to Dan; and bring the number of them to me, that I may know it. 
1Ch 21:3  And Joab answered, The LORD make his people an hundred times so many more as they be: but, my lord the king, are they not all my lord’s servants? why then doth my lord require this thing? why will he be a cause of trespass to Israel? 
1Ch 21:4  Nevertheless the king’s word prevailed against Joab. Wherefore Joab departed, and went throughout all Israel, and came to Jerusalem.  

1Ch 27:23  But David took not the number of them from twenty years old and under: because the LORD had said he would increase Israel like to the stars of the heavens. 
1Ch 27:24  Joab the son of Zeruiah began to number, but he finished not, because there fell wrath for it against Israel; neither was the number put in the account of the chronicles of king David.

David wanted to count his army to give him the assurance that he had the men to fight for him after having won many victories. It is during the time of our success that we are most vulnerable as we think that it is through our strength that we have won many victories over the flesh. However, we do not bring anything to the table when it comes to our salvation or victories over the flesh. It is all the work of the Lord.

Another reason why the Lord was displeased with David was that he refused to listen to a multitude of counsel. He did not consult anyone regarding his decision to number the army. At least Joab warned David that his action would cause a trespass to Israel, but David refused. He was not prepared to listen to this counsel. Immediately we refuse to listen to the multitude of counsel or defer to our elders, then we come under the spell of Satan to buffet us. We have seen this happen to many of our brothers and sisters who had left us.

Pro 11:14  Where no counsel is, the people fall: but in the multitude of counsellors there is safety. 

Pro 15:22  Without counsel purposes are disappointed: but in the multitude of counsellors they are established. 

Pro 24:6  For by wise counsel thou shalt make thy war: and in multitude of counsellors there is safety. 

1Pe 5:5  Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble.

Num 1:4  And with you there shall be a man of every tribe; every one head of the house of his fathers. 
Num 1:5  And these are the names of the men that shall stand with you: of the tribe of Reuben; Elizur the son of Shedeur.
Num 1:6  Of Simeon; Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai.
Num 1:7  Of Judah; Nahshon the son of Amminadab. 
Num 1:8  Of Issachar; Nethaneel the son of Zuar. 
Num 1:9  Of Zebulun; Eliab the son of Helon. 
Num 1:10  Of the children of Joseph: of Ephraim; Elishama the son of Ammihud: of Manasseh; Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. 
Num 1:11  Of Benjamin; Abidan the son of Gideoni.
Num 1:12  Of Dan; Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai.
Num 1:13  Of Asher; Pagiel the son of Ocran. 
Num 1:14  Of Gad; Eliasaph the son of Deuel. 
Num 1:15  Of Naphtali; Ahira the son of Enan. 
Num 1:16  These were the renowned of the congregation, princes of the tribes of their fathers, heads of thousands in Israel.
Num 1:17  And Moses and Aaron took these men which are expressed by their names: 
Num 1:18  And they assembled all the congregation together on the first day of the second month, and they declared their pedigrees after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, by their polls. 

These 12 men were the leaders of the various tribes who were called to assist Moses with the census. The twelve sons of Jacob became the twelve tribes which served as the foundation for the fulfillment of God’s intention to gain a people and to form an army with the intention of building a kingdom. Among the twelve tribes, Levi was consecrated to God to serve in the tabernacle. As a result, the Levites were not counted. This means that there was a shortage of one tribe. Fortunately, the place of the tribe of Levi was filled by Joseph who received a double portion through his two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The fact that the Levites were not counted means that they were not part of the army of God and therefore represent Babylon, the religions of this world who are involved physically with matters pertaining to God (upholding the law of Moses) but are not counted as part of the Lord’s elect. As the name Levi implies, they are joined to us to assist us in serving the Lord in this life.

Num 3:5  And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 
Num 3:6  Bring the tribe of Levi near, and present them before Aaron the priest, that they may minister unto him. 
Num 3:7  And they shall keep his charge, and the charge of the whole congregation before the tabernacle of the congregation, to do the service of the tabernacle. 
Num 3:8  And they shall keep all the instruments of the tabernacle of the congregation, and the charge of the children of Israel, to do the service of the tabernacle. 
Num 3:9  And thou shalt give the Levites unto Aaron and to his sons: they are wholly given unto him out of the children of Israel. 
Num 3:10  And thou shalt appoint Aaron and his sons, and they shall wait on their priest’s office: and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death.

Now, let’s take a look at the twelve tribes to see their characteristics as it informs us of the credentials the Lord is looking for in forming His army. We can know more of these tribes by reviewing Jacob’s blessing of his sons in Genesis chapter 49 as follows:

Gen 49:3  Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:
Gen 49:4  Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel; because thou wentest up to thy father’s bed; then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.
Gen 49:5  Simeon and Levi are brethren; instruments of cruelty are in their habitations.

The tribe of Reuben is described as unstable because the founding father, Reuben, defiled his father’s bed. Reuben represents Babylon where we all ended up defiling the Lord’s wife by promoting false doctrines at the expense of the Lord’s words. This is exemplified in the Corinthian church when a member slept with his father’s wife. Levi and Simeon were described as instruments of cruelty. When the Lord came to pick us up to enroll in His army, we were under the influence of the flesh and were indeed children of wrath just like Reuben, Simeon and Levi. This is what the Lord says we were when He came for us:

1Co 1:26  For ye see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called:
1Co 1:27  But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty;
1Co 1:28  And base things of the world, and things which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, and things which are not, to bring to nought things that are: 
1Co 1:29  That no flesh should glory in his presence.  

1Co 5:1  It is reported commonly that there is fornication among you, and such fornication as is not so much as named among the Gentiles, that one should have his father’s wife. 
1Co 5:2  And ye are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he that hath done this deed might be taken away from among you.

The tribe of Judah was promised rulership. As we are aware, even though in our current state it is difficult to imagine that we shall be rulers, the Lord has again and again assured us that we shall surely overcome and reign with Christ. This rulership is part of the incentives for our enrollment in the Lord’s army.

Gen 49:10  The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.

Rev 2:26  And he that overcometh, and keepeth my works unto the end, to him will I give power over the nations: 
Rev 2:27  And he shall rule them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father. 

The tribe of Zebulun cannot dissociate itself from the sea of flesh in which it finds itself. That is the meaning of Zebulun dwelling at the haven of the sea. This implies that the tribe of Zebulun represents us who were dominated by the flesh when Christ came to enroll us in His army. The tribe of Issachar loves life and therefore became a slave of the pleasures of the flesh. We were all slaves of the pleasures of the flesh until Christ came.

Gen 49:13  Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon. 
Gen 49:14  Issachar is a strong ass couching down between two burdens: 
Gen 49:15  And he saw that rest was good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute. 

The tribe of Dan was assured of being judges, while that of Gad is destined to overcome. The tribe of Asher was promised to understand the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, as symbolized by their bread being fat. The result of comprehending these mysteries is that they shall become kings. We are called to be judges and kings when we overcome. It is not by our strength or anything we can do, but by the Lord’s mercies, we shall surely overcome.

Gen 49:16  Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel. 
Gen 49:17  Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.
Gen 49:18  I have waited for thy salvation, O LORD. 
Gen 49:19  Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last.
Gen 49:20  Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties.

Like the tribe of Naphtali, we are assured that when we are loosed from the sins which easily beset us through the judgment of our old man as we become enlightened in knowledge of His words, what comes out of our mouth will be beautiful words (goodly words) which give life.

Gen 49:21  Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words. 

As indicated earlier, Joseph was given a double portion and therefore his two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, were therefore the founding fathers of their tribes. Through these two tribes, represented by Joseph, we come to see the suffering we must endure as we are hated by the world. However, in the final analysis, we shall go from strength to strength as symbolized by the arms of our hands being made strong by the hand of the almighty!! 

Gen 49:22  Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall: 
Gen 49:23  The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him: 
Gen 49:24  But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob; (from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel:)
Gen 49:25  Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that lieth under, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb: 
Gen 49:26  The blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren. 

The tribe of Benjamin spiritually represents those who will become victorious over the flesh, which is powered by the devil, when the sun of righteousness (Christ) rises within them. While the world is becoming darker and darker as the day approaches, the Lord’s called and chosen shall be celebrating their victories over the flesh on a daily basis.

Gen 49:27  Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil.  

Mal 4:2  But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall. 
Mal 4:3  And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I shall do this, saith the LORD of hosts. 

In summary, the twelve tribes constituting the Lord’s army represent the elect with varied backgrounds which in the sight of men, amounts to nothing. However, the Lord has chosen the foolish things of this world to transform them into the Lord’s army with the full assurance of their victory over the enemies of Christ and to be rewarded with kingship, the priesthood and judgments of the world.

Num 1:19  As the LORD commanded Moses, so he numbered them in the wilderness of Sinai. 
Num 1:20  And the children of Reuben, Israel’s eldest son, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, by their polls, every male from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:21  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Reuben, were forty and six thousand and five hundred (46,500). 

What is significant in these verses is the number of those enlisted in the Lord’s army representing the tribe of Reuben – 46,500. The significant numbers here are 4,6 and 5. The number 4 signifies the whole of the issue under discussion and in this case, we are dealing with the whole of the elect from every generation.  The number 6 is the number of mankind and therefore tells us that the Lord’s army is selected from among men. The number 5 refers to grace through faith. It is by grace through faith that we become part of this formidable army of the Lord.

Eph 2:8  For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: 
Eph 2:9  Not of works, lest any man should boast. 
Eph 2:10  For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them. 

Num 1:22  Of the children of Simeon, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, those that were numbered of them, according to the number of the names, by their polls, every male from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:23  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Simeon, were fifty and nine thousand and three hundred (59,300). 

The total number of the army from the tribe of Simeon was 59,300. As indicated earlier, the number 5 means grace through faith. The number 9 signifies God’s judgment, and the number 3 is the process of spiritual maturity through judgment. Thus, the tribe of Simeon reminds us that as a soldier of Christ, we are to endure hardships as part of the Lord’s judgment of our old man, and it is through this process that we become spiritually mature.

Rom 5:2  By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. 
Rom 5:3  And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience; 
Rom 5:4  And patience, experience; and experience, hope: 
Rom 5:5  And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us.

Num 1:24  Of the children of Gad, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:25  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Gad, were forty and five thousand six hundred and fifty (45,650).

The number counted for the tribe of Gad was 45,650. This signifies that those pre-selected (the elect) by the Lord to be enrolled in His army come from the whole of the human race, and it is by grace through faith that they become victorious in this life.   

Num 1:26  Of the children of Judah, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:27  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Judah, were threescore and fourteen thousand and six hundred (74,600).

In the case of the tribe of Judah, 74,600 were counted. This means that those who are predestined to become part of the Lord’s army, come from the whole of the human race and that they shall complete (the significance of the number 7) their mission as soldiers of Christ.

Php 1:6  Being confident of this very thing, that he which hath begun a good work in you will perform it until the day of Jesus Christ: 

Num 1:28  Of the children of Issachar, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war; 
Num 1:29  Those that were numbered of them, even of the tribe of Issachar, were fifty and four thousand and four hundred (54,400). 

The tribe of Issachar had 54,400 men enlisted in the army of Israel. This means that it is by grace through faith that the whole of the Lord’s elect are privileged to be enlisted in the Lord’s army and that it is not of ourselves, but the gift of God.

Eph 2:8  For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: 
Eph 2:9  Not of works, lest any man should boast. 
Eph 2:10  For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them. 

We thank the Lord for His mercies towards us to count us worthy to be enlisted in His army. May He continue to uphold us as the day approaches!! Amen!!

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